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PRODUCT DATA of AISI 316
MaterialAISI 316
Product Datasheet316_316L_Data_Sheet
General InformationThese molybdenum-bearing grades of austenitic stainless steel, which are normally used in the annealed condition, cannot be hardened by heat treatment; however, they can be hardened by cold work. Mo added to improve corrosion resistance in reducing environments; improved creep resistance over Type 302.
Effects of Space environmentThe natural oxide layer is not repaired in vacuum when damaged. Cold welding might occur in contact to similar materials.
Chemical Composition16-18Cr, 10-14Ni, <2Mn, <0.08C, 2-3Mo, rem Fe
Name of Manufacturermany suppliers
EXPERIENCE IN PRACTICE
Development StatusCommercial Product
Cost RangeLow
Lot ReproducibilityGood
Equivalent DesignationsA4; A4-50; A4-70; A4-80; S30316, 1.4401, X5CrNiMo1810, 316S16
Space ExperienceGood
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
Crystal StructureFace centered cubic (fcc)
Phase changesThe compositions of these steels are balanced to provide a stable austenitic structure under most conditions. When they are slowly cooled through, or held, in the range 480 to 870C. carbides tend to precipitate near the grain boundaries. The tendency to and amount of carbide precipitation increases with carbon content. A small amount of ferrite tends to form in cold-worked material and in welds. Sigma phase, which reduces toughness and corrosion resistance similar to carbide precipitation, can form in the ferrite at temperatures between 540 to 870C. Sigma phase, like carbide precipitation, can be removed by annealing.
Magnetic PropertiesNonmagnetic
ELASTIC PROPERTIES
Poisson Ratio0.26
THERMAL PROPERTIES
Thermal Conductivity15.8 W/m.K
Thermal Expansion Coefficient17.2 μstrain/°C
RELEVANT PROPERTIES FOR USE IN SPACE COMMUNITY
General Corrosion StatusNo specific corrosion protection required
Corrosion/ThermalThey have good resistance to oxidation in air at temperatures up to at least 810C. The carbide precipitation and extreme susceptibility to intergranular corrosion induced in AISI 316 by exposures to temperatures between 480 and 870C. is minimized in the 316L modification; nevertheless, these low-carbon grades can also become susceptible after extremely long exposures in this temperature range.
Atmospheric CorrosionThese alloys have good resistance to oxidation in air at temperatures up to at least 815C
Stress Corrosion StatusHigh Resistance to SCC: Table 1
Remark: acc. to ECSS-Q-ST-70-36C
Data Quality: Design Data
EMF vs SCE-0.07 V
Remark: Measured in 3.5% NaCl solution
Data Quality: Design Data
Bimetallic CorrosionCan be connected without any restriction to: Cr, Au, Pt, C, Rh, Ag, Gun-metal, P-bronzes, Sn-bronzes, Ti+alloys
Can be connected in a non-controlled environment to the above and Cd, Cu, Brasses, Ni, monel, inconel, N-Mo alloys, 400 series stainless steel
Can be connected in a clean room environment to above and Al-Cu alloys, Cu-Ni alloys, Al-bronzes, Si-bronzes
Needs specific measures: All others
Test:ECSS-Q-ST-70C Rev.1 Table 5.1
Data Quality: Design Data
WeldingThe alloys are readily weldable by the conventional automatic and manual electric-arc teclmiaues. The filler material should be the same alloy as the parent material. AISI 316 is subject to carbide precipitation in the heat-affected zones; therefore. susceptibility to intergranular corrosion should be eliminated by a post-weld annealing treatment. 316L does not require remedial annealing after welding and are, therefore, widely used in welded structures.
FLUID SYSTEMS COMPATIBILITY
Gaseous Oxygen (GOX)Meets the mechanical impact requirements. No batch test required.
Liquid Oxygen (LOX)Meets the mechanical impact requirements. No batch test required.
Nitrogen Tetroxide (N2O4)SCC susceptibility is low and no fluid decomposition
Hydrazine (HDZE)SCC susceptibility is low and no fluid decomposition